Explanation of Terms widely used in Hajj Pilgrimage

For a thorough understanding of the Hajj rites and obligatory functions in Hajj, it is necessary to be familiar with the terminologies associated with it:
Hajj: - To go on the pilgrimage to House of God at fixed time of the year with specified prayers.
Umrah: - Donning Ihram from any Meeqat and thereafter visiting the House in pilgrimage with specified prayers.
Ashar-e-Hajj: - The whole month of Shawwal and Ziqad and the first ten days of ZilHajj of the islamic calendar are known as Ashr-e-Hajj.
Days of Tashriq: - Days when Takbir-e-Tashriq is recited in loud voice after every prayer, i.e. from the morning prayer of 9th Zil Hijja to afternoon prayer of 13th Zil Hijja.
Yaum-ul-Tarwiyah: - The day when the Hajj rites being i.e. 8th of ZilHajj when the faithful departs for Mina.
Yaum-e-Arafat: - 9th of Zil Hijja when Hajis gather in the plain of Arafat for individual and collective prayers and supplications.
Yaum-e-Nahar: - The day when animals are sacrificed, ie 10th of Zil Hijja.
Meeqats: - Around Makkah there are certain places in different directions where the pilgrims must enter into Ihram for Hajj or Umrah. The designated places depend on the pilgrims point of arrival. Those who live within the periphery of Meeqats are generally known as “Meeqatis” while those living outside are known as “Afaqis”.
Haram: - All around Makkah upto a certain distance, in kilometer, defined as outlying territory, because of its sanctity is called Haram. Within the limits of Haram. Within the limits of Haram it is prohibited to kill any living being, hunting, cutting of grass or to proot trees.
Hull: - The territory outside the limits of Haram and up to the respective Meeqats is known as “Hull”. All those acts prohibited in the territory of Haram are allowed in areas of Hull.
Mina: - The valley of Mina is located 5 kilometers from Makkah. Where the pilgrims stay on 8th, 10th, 11th and 12th Zilhajjah.
Masjid-e-Khaif: - A spacious mosque in Mina.
Rami-e-Jamrat: - The three pillars depicting Satan which are stoned on 10th, 11th and 12th Zil Hijja. These three pillars are known as Jamarat. They are Jamarah Oolah (the smaller Satan), Jamara-tul-Wusta (the middle Satan), Jamarat-ul-Aqaba (the bigger Satan).
Arafat: - The plain situated at about 11 kilometers form Mina where the pilgrims perform Waqoof (stay) on 9th Zil Hijja. Waqoof-e-Arafat is the most fundamental and essential item of Hajj.
Masjid-e-Namrah: - This Mosque is located on one edge of the plain of Arafat. Here the pilgrims offer a combined Zuhur (Mid-day) and Asar (Afternoon) prayer.
Jabl-e-Rahmat: - The hillock in the plain of Arafat form where the Holy Prophet (PBUH) delivered his farewell sermon.
Muzdalfa: - It is an uneven plain 5 kilometers between Mina and Arafat.
Qasar: - Cutting off at least one fourth of hairs to come out of Ihram.
Halaq: - Total shaving of head to come out of Ihram.
Hadi: - Those animals, which the pilgrims carry along in Haram for sacrifice.
Janayat: - Any action committed either deliberately or by ignorance against the prescribed rites of Hajj in known as Janayat. These Janayats are of two types: -
Once a pilgrim has entered into the sacred dress of Ihram, he is bounded by certain restrictions. Committing any forbidden act or breaking the restrictions or to omit any obligation or duty in the performance of Hajj.
Deliberately or knowingly carrying out anything prohibited in the limits of Haram. It requires atonement of animal (Qubani) or an offering (Sadaqa).
Talbiyah: - Once the pilgrim has entered into sacred state of Ihram, has offered the prayer and declared his intention of Hajj or Umrah, he has to pronounce Talbiyah the formula prayer.

The pilgrim must repeat this formula prayer countless of time, alone or in-group, until the completion of all the Umrah rites or until the day Nahar (Sacrifice) in Hajj.
Iztiba: - The keep upper seamless cloth of Ihram wrapped round the torso (upper part of the body) in a way as to keep the right shoulder open.
Hajar-e-Aswad: - (The Black Stone). It is an oval shaped stone about 18 centimeter in diameter. This sacred stone was brought by Adam (PBUH) from Paradise and set in the angle of Ka`abah.
Multazim: - It is part of the wall of Ka`abah between the Black Stone and the entrance to Ka`abah. It is tradition to recite invocation seeking salvation and rubbing the chest with it seeking a salvation.
Tawaf: - (Circumambulation) Going round the Ka`abah seven times keeping the House to one’s left. Each round is called a “Shawt”.
Mataf: - The wide space around Ka`abah where Tawaf (circumambulation) is performed.
Ramal: - In the first three circles or rounds in Tawaf a male pilgrim has to walk a little faster than normal with stretched shoulders.
Istilam: - (Pointation) If it is not possible to kiss the black stone or even to touch it then one can point towards it with open palm or by an stick.
Saee: - Saee is the rite of walking seven times in procession between the hillocks of As-Safa and Al-Mafwah in accordance with the prescribed law. Each one way journey between the two hillocks is counted as a length (Shawt) out of seven to be performed.
Zam-Zam: - This well is located inside the Haran. Drinking of water of this well is a tradition after performing Tawaf also splashing on body and clothing with Zam-Zam water is rewarded. Generally any invocation after drinking the Zam-Zam water is reward by Allah. This water cures several diseases too.
The history of Zam-Zam spring go back to 2500 BC when it started gushing at the feet of infant Ismail, the son of Ibrahim (PBUH) and Hajira. It was a miracle of God since Mak`kah was a barren valley overlooked by two hills As-Safa and Al-Marwah. People go there to quench their trust.
Hateem: - It is the portion of land, in the shape of an arc, on the North of Ka`abah which was left out from inclusion when Ka`abah was rebuilt. It is obligatory to include it during Tawaf.
Meezab-e-Rahmat: - It is an open pipe to drain out rainwater from the roof of Ka`abah. It is so situated such that the water falls in Hateem. It is recommended to pray in Hateem and seek blessing of God standing below the Meezab-e-Rahmat.

Explanation of Terms widely used in Hajj Pilgrimage

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